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Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?
Kevin Lefebvre, Pauline Wibaux

Faced with growing competition and geopolitical tensions, major economies are concerned about the risks linked to excessive dependence on the Chinese economy. China stands out for its low number of product dependencies, while the United States and the European Union have a similar number of import dependencies, which is higher for Japan. The sources of dependence are common to these four countries: chemicals, electronics, pharmaceuticals and steel industry. The EU is heavily exposed to China (61%), but it is also China's leading supplier for a quarter of its dependent products. The dependence of the EU and the United States on Chinese production increased between 2019 and 2022. Read the latest Policy Brief which uses detailed product-level import dependencies data provided by the new CEPII's database GeoDep.

January 15, 2025

Trump and the general rebalancing of international trade
Antoine Bouët, Leysa Maty Sall, Yu Zheng
The tariff increases announced by Donald Trump before his election would have a serious impact on global trade flows.

December 12, 2024

Accord UE-Mercosur : faut-il signer des accords de libre-échange ?
Antoine Bouët
Très critiqué en Europe par les organisations agricoles et les activistes de l'environnement, l'accord commercial vise à lever l'essentiel des droits de douane entre l'UE et quatre pays du Marché commun du Sud. Quels sont les gagnants et les perdants de ce traité ?

December 10, 2024

Les vrais enjeux du traité entre l’UE et le Mercosur
Charlotte Emlinger
484 voix pour et 70 contre. Tel est le score obtenu par la déclaration du gouvernement français s’opposant à la signature du traité entre l'UE et le Mercosur. Parallèlement, le futur président des États-Unis, Donald Trump, a redit son intention de relever les droits de douane dans les échanges avec plusieurs pays, à commencer par ses voisins mexicains et canadiens. Charlotte Emlinger décrypte le contenu du Traité et les enjeux qu’il contient.

December 10, 2024

Victoire de Trump : le retour de la guerre commerciale
Antoine Bouët
L’élection de Donald Trump suscite à la fois la joie de certains et l’inquiétude des autres, notamment en matière économique. L’Europe et la Chine pourraient être confrontées à des défis particuliers. Donald Trump pourra-t-il tenir ses promesses électorales ?

what's new

The new database GeoDep is available on-line

For all countries, from 2019 to 2022, GeoDep provides information on HS6 product-level import dependencies. The dataset includes the value of the various criteria for identifying a dependency, specifies whether HS6 products belong to strategic sectors, and indicates the leading exporter of each imported product.

FOCUS Protectionism	FOCUS Migration
FOCUS Ukraine	FOCUS China

Analysis and debates

Trump 2.0 Tariffs: What Cost for the World Economy?

This Policy Brief conducts an ex-ante evaluation of Donald Trump’s protectionist proposal, an increase by 10 percentage points of tariffs on all goods from all origins, except Canada and Mexico, combined with 60 percentage points of tariffs on all goods from China. US partners retaliate. Continue reading >>

Trade & Globalization

Competitiveness & Growth

Emerging Countries

Environment & Natural Resources

Les multinationales plus résilientes en matière d’emploi que les groupes nationaux depuis la crise sanitaire, surtout dans leur pays d’origine

Le prix du protectionnisme de Donald Trump

Régime de change fixe : une entrave à l’essor industriel des pays en développement

The Gravity of Violence

When Quality Management Helps Agri-food Firms to Export

The Great Depression as a Savings Glut

Trump 2.0 Tariffs: What Cost for the World Economy?

Lithium-Ion Batteries: Dynamic Mapping of the Value Chain and Perspectives

Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?

Health Products in International Trade: a Full-Fledged Industry Grouping

CEPII Region Profiles: indicators, databases and classifications

CEPII Country Profiles: indicators, databases and classifications

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Coming Events

Le CEPII au Printemps de l'économie 2025
March 18 - 21, 2025

Call for papers: the 3rd Junior Workshop on The Economics of Migration
June 23 - 24, 2025

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Past Events

Séminaire compétitivité CEPII-Banque de France "L’Europe au défi de Trump 2.0"
January 15, 2025

Où va l’économie chinoise ?
January 14, 2025

The 14th Annual International Conference "Immigration in OECD countries"
December 12 - 13, 2024

America’s Immigration Experience: Lessons from the Past, Perspectives for the Future
December 11, 2024

Workshop "Effectiveness of environmental and social provisions in Regional Trade Agreements"
December 9, 2024

The CEPII research seminar " Digging Up Trenches: Populism, Selective Mobility, and the Political Polarization of Italian Municipalities "
December 5, 2024

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