While inevitable in a globalised economy, such import dependencies can become vulnerabilities in the event of trade disruptions, particularly when they are concentrated on a single partner. This is the case for the European Union, which in 2022 strongly depended on China for 934 products, the United States for 233 products and Japan for 40 products. However, each of these three partners imports a larger number of goods almost exclusively from the EU: 1,013 for China, 746 for the United States and 597 for Japan.
 

For a more detailed analysis of interdependencies, see Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?