Points clés :

• In labor markets characterised by large dispersion of workers' productivity and worker-firm complementarity, high quality firms have strong incentives to screen for the quality of workers. This implies positive assortative matching and an increase in the average productivity.
• Immigration, by increasing the variance of workers abilities, may drive stronger PAM between firms and workers.
• Using French matched employer-employee (DADS) data over the period 1995-2005 we document that positive supply-driven changes of immigrant workers in a district increased the strength of positive assortative Matching and the average productivity of the district
• One percentage point increase in the supply-driven share of immigrants in the district implies an increase in the share of positive assortative matches (net of mismatch) by 3.3 percentage points. This corresponds to a 30% reduction in the PAM gap between a district belonging to the 25th percentile of the PAM intensity distribution and the Parisian labor market.

 Résumé :
The process of matching between firms and workers is an important mechanism in determining the distribution of wages. In a labor market characterised by large dispersion of workers' productivity and worker-firm complementarity, high quality firms have strong incentives to screen for the quality of workers. This process will increase the positive quality association of firm-worker matches known as positive assortative matching (PAM). Immigration in a local labor market, by increasing the variance of workers abilities, may drive stronger PAM between firms and workers. Using French matched employer-employee (DADS) data over the period 1995-2005 we document that positive supply-driven changes of immigrant workers in a district increased the strength of PAM. We then show that this association is consistent with causality, is quantitatively significant, and is associated with higher average productivity and firm profits, but also with higher wage dispersion. We also show that the increased degree of positive assortative matching is mainly reached by high-productive firms "losing" lower quality workers and "attracting" higher quality workers.

 Mots-clés : Matching | Workers | Firms | Immigration | Productivity

 JEL : F16, J20, J61