Income level and the emissions, energy, and growth nexus: Evidence from Asia and the Pacific

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	N°156
	Issue Q4 2018
	Income level and the emissions, energy, and growth nexus: Evidence from Asia and the Pacific
	Thai-Ha Le Euston Quah
	This study examines the relationships between carbon emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth for 14 selected countries in Asia and the Pacific during the period 1984–2012. Based on panel cointegration test results, we show that there is a long-run relationship between carbon emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth. The Fully Modified OLS estimators of the panel, as well as the sub-panel of lower-to-upper-middle-income countries, provide evidence against the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Evidence from the panel of high income countries is, however, consistent with the EKC hypothesis. The findings of causality tests suggest that carbon emissions in the region could be reduced through energy conservation policy measures without harming economic growth.	Abstract

	Carbon emissions ; Energy consumption ; Economic growth ; Asia and the Pacific ;	Keywords
	Q43 ;	JEL classification
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